Twentieth Century World

Table of Contents Introduction Nature Verses Technology Global Integration and Its Changing Patterns The Evolution of the Mass Society Identity and Difference Conclusion Works Cited Introduction Many people endeavored to comprehend the revolutionary implications of globalization as it continues to evolve in an ordinary arena of political expression across the globe. Impacts of globalization yielded significant results. The world was made up of global interrelatedness that kept on evolving continuously since the First World War.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Twentieth Century World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This was because the subject was organized by comprehensible and intelligible principles. The prime principle was featured by interconnected holistic phenomenon. The conscientious citizenship needed to perceive the global interrelationship whereby the world was marked with inclusive mode l of integration; the world explored several events and issues based in global linkages. This paper examined four themes of global evolution as indicated in Mahfouz Naguib’s book Midaq Alley. First, since 1914, the world was featured by global integration and its changing patterns that led to: immense colonies and powers, the three worlds of Cold War eras, and the current interdependent and networked of â€Å"global disorder†. Secondly, the world was marked by differences and identities that showed how various endeavors of people, groups and communities affirmed their identities; a struggle that happened in the entire history. As a matter of fact, Naguib pose the question â€Å"Did you know that making a person appear crippled is a thousand times more difficult than really crippling him† (Naguib 127). Indeed, across the novel, differences and identities are reflected into manifold layers of debatable politics concerning religion, gender, nationalism, class, ethn icity, and personal interests. In fact, â€Å"the recitation of the Qur’an, and forgiveness is honorable punishment for violating the Qur’an is harsh, you know† (146). Thirdly, the world was manifested with emergence of mass society not only in terms of social interaction: mass culture, mass welfare, mass consumerism, and mass communication, but also in numerical sense of unique population increase. Alone, a man becomes vulnerable. Indeed, the author poses, â€Å"What do I see; you are indeed a venerable man?† (126). The world was marked with nature verses technology that was uncertain achievement which empowered human beings to ruin the world or to make life unbearable. Thus, in such a society, â€Å"no sensible person would persist in trying her luck if it looked bad† (19). Nature Verses Technology Technological advancement caused environmental destruction through human overpopulation and deforestation. Mafouz asserts, â€Å"had I not simply let the devil amuse himself with my neighbors while I remained lost in my own complacent joy? Cannot a good man unknowingly be an accomplice of the devil by keeping to himself?† (279). During post colonialism, there was determination to promote agro-technology in order to preserve environment.Advertising Looking for critical writing on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Farmers were advised to use diverse contemporary crops in the same farm. â€Å"Let’s remember today, the day when we got acquainted, as a day of great good fortune,† (50). It further poses the question â€Å"Are only the rich worthy of one’s choice† (138). Furthermore, Science transformed agriculture; however, ordinary insight and knowledge was able to sustain productivity. Industrial revolution in Europe, though transformed human livelihood, caused detrimental effects on ecological system. For instance, the era of the First World War was a detrimental time because it was a moment of invention of nuclear weapons. The growth of technology and science transformed global networking and human society. However, it is vital to note that â€Å"shrouds are the veils of after-life. Enjoy your shroud before the shroud enjoys you† (20). In addition, multicultural Corporations were exploiting developing nations, and minimized wage rates while exploiting natural resources in those nations. Global Integration and Its Changing Patterns Mahfouz claimed that people were able to choose contest matches they wished to view without being restricted to view sports such as gymnastics, swimming, track and field, diving, etc that dominated prime time coverage of media television. Due to global interrelatedness, sports opened the world and provided important features of globalization. However, global integration happened gradually for many centuries. The press media informed and exposed people about important events. The evolving technology enabled provision of internet accessibility. According Mahfouz, human evolving pattern involved various regional systems which promoted interaction and competition. For instance, Ottoman Empire expanded its kingdom over Hungary and Balkans between 1300 and 1922. Many States engaged in interaction was linked by social and economic needs. Mahfouz viewed that China was the supreme economic power that exported vast amount of porcelain, tea, silk etc. The economic progress of China and India were huge due to the fact that their demographic population was enormous. Transoceanic expansion gradually developed due to technological advancement. European routes were made into America during the search of economic power hence sea routes and networks were established. China was a dominant nation that held forty percent of the world’s economy. Nevertheless, this led to self indulgence as reflected in the life of Kamil. In fact, the author states that â€Å"his head to pping all this is small, bald and no different in color from his pale yet florid skin†¦.People are always telling him he will die suddenly because of the masses of fat pressing round his heart.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Twentieth Century World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More But how will death harm him when his life is merely a prolonged sleep† (12). In addition, persisted competition led to colonial empires to expand their systems. Industrial evolution caused ecological imperialism whereby raw materials, plants and animals were transported from one region to another as people exploited natural resources. African slaves were captured during the transoceanic migration after1800. Indeed, many African slaves participated in plantations of agricultural fields. Mahfouz asserted that there were a lot of economic affairs that took place; for example, exotic plants and animals were introduce d while indigenous animals and plants were exported from America. Besides that, factors that led to quick European expansion in United States did not, however, occurred in Asia and Africa. For instance, Europeans were marred by infectious diseases in Africa that hindered their progress in exploiting African resources. Though, Europeans managed to reap resources from Africa, many died due to environmental hazards. The Evolution of the Mass Society Human population who lived in the twentieth century caused increase in mass community that was contributed by people’s interaction and movements for economic sustainability. All these implications were closely integrated that led to the rise of mass community. Though, human population developed slowly prior to 1750; afterwards human demography progressed rapidly. Mahfouz viewed that the rise in mass community happened due to increase in democratization, urbanization and industrialization. This immense transformation was an essential focus in the current society. Politics, youth culture, media, leisure and welfare were five distinctive features that were manifested in the modern society. Actually, mass society weakened traditional societal values; industrial revolution weakened aristocratic and traditional values. Mass culture was a society that had social, large scale and impersonal institutions. Identity and Difference Gradually human communities became varied with great differences in beliefs, artifacts and languages. For instance, Mr. Kirsha who owned the coffee shop is described as a homosexual and indulges in hashish. â€Å"Mr. Kirsha had always lived a most irregular life and he had rolled in its dirt so long that it appeared to him a perfectly normal one†(55). Archeological evidence showed varied tools used by ancient people and their cultural values were greatly varied.Advertising Looking for critical writing on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Human cultures were comprehended based on symbols of various devices that people created. Mahfouz affirmed that such cultural icons lacked boundaries but were marked with continues influx that competed and interacted in each other. Kirsha defends his homosexuality by retorting to Radwan that, â€Å"don’t you know who that boy is? He is a poor boy whose poverty I am trying to alleviate by being charitable to him†(106). In fact, religious civilization transformed people who lived in remote areas; human interaction transformed people who were perceived as barbarians and uncivilized. According to Mahfouz, Sheik Darwish, who was affected following changes in the ministry of education, lived in consolation of religion and faith in God! He was in â€Å"a state of peace, contentment and beatitude as he had never known before. Even though he had lost his house, the whole world had become his home. Even though he had lost his salary, gone too was his dependence on money. Though he had lost his family and friends, everyone he met became his family†(23). Societal rulers presided over divine duties to people in the society. Most cities developed thus their operation became complex that was administered by centralized governance. Conclusion The four themes brought ultimate query to prime of all historical world, particularly to the current globalization. Human interaction and competition elevated visions of human society. However, this was threatened by sudden changes in the social systems of the society. This brought questions on how people need to stay together and to attain their needs equitably, without involving in overindulgence, selfishness, myopia. Works Cited Mahfouz, Naguib. Midaq Alley. New York: Ancher Books, 1996. Print. This critical writing on Twentieth Century World was written and submitted by user Emmanuel Hebert to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Khan Doc Essays

Khan Doc Essays Khan Doc Essay Khan Doc Essay System manages the schedule of courses and teachers according to the rooms. Time Table is the key in any educational institution, as it allows scheduling the courses for study. All the students and teachers follow this schedule for effective study. Time Table Management System shall allow different teachers to schedule their courses and it shall also avoid clash of rooms and shall keep in mind the other subjects of the class to avoid any clash. 2. General Goal: Time table management is a difficult task in any educational institute management system and it is done manually.Goal of this project is to try to automate the process of Time Table Management. Automated Time Table Management System can be very effective in any educational management system. Another Goal of this project is to try to make it intelligent so it know a little about time table based upon user input and help the user in making the correct decision. Time Table Management System will be multi agent meaning that differ ent entities will exist independently and Time Table Management System will only provide a way for them to interact. . Current System: Current system in any SMS works manually and requires minimal input from involving entities and putting the entire decision making on one person, making extra work for that person. Teachers give their preferred time to the person responsible of Time Table Management. The Person responsible for time table management consider Teacher input and selects a subject, teacher, class, sees the available time slots and room and enters that information. Whole process is done manually. 4. Proposed System: 4. 1 Overview:We will design a multi agent based system, with teacher entering their desired timing and system will accept our available rooms. System will keep record of previous time table as well. System will also provide the list of the available rooms and time slots. 4. 2 Functional requirements: 1- There shall not be time table clash for a class or teache r. 2- Teacher can select room and subject to teach. 3- Subject or room already taken shall not be available again. 4- It shall not put the entire load on one person. 5- System can schedule time table dynamically. 6- Easy report generation. Teacher can not modify or update information. 8- If required system shall access teacher information from existing profiles and records. 4. 3 Non-Functional requirement: 1- Separate account for users with access types. As many people will be accessing the system simultaneously or separately, so it is necessary to maintain different account and access rights for the users. 2- Security implemented through account and login. The system need to be very secure apart from the automation, so it do not allow the users to make unwanted changes in any part of the system and it should not llow the unwanted users. 3- Report for available slot. Members shall have the able to view report about the available rooms and time slots. 4- Reports room, time and subje ct. Members shall be able to view time table in different ways, i. e. room wise, subject wise or time wise. 5- Information sent to teachers for any update in time table. If time table is updated by the admin due to any reason then a notification is to be sent to the concerned teachers. 6- Distributed application. The application shall be distributed and shall be available for access from different areas. 4. 4 ERD: [pic] 4. System Model: 4. 6 USE CASES: 4. 6. 1 Diagrammatic Use Cases: DEO Fig 1: Data Entry Operator’s Use Cases Teacher Fig 2: Teacher’s Use Cases Student and others Fig 3: Student’s Use cases. Fig 4: System Only Process 4. 6. 2 Descriptive Use Cases: 4. 6. 2. 1 Administration |UC-DEO-1 Enter Room Information | |Scope: |Administration | |Actor: |Data entry operator.To enter data | | |Admin to enter data. | |Pre condition | User logged in and identified | |Work Flow: | |User action |System Response | | |1.System provides List of existing room | |2. Us er enter room name. | | |3. User saves records. | | | |4. If record is saved then message is generated. | |Post condition |System enters the record and stays at the page. | |Occurrence |Very rarely only the start. | UC-SG-1 Generate available slots | |Scope: |Administration | |Actor: |System for calculation. | | |DEO to active it. | |Pre condition |Subject information is available. | | |Teacher information is available. | | |Semester information is available. | |Room information is available. | |Work Flow: | |User action |System Response | | |system generate available slot by making calculation | |Post condition |Record is saved. | | |Admin is informed. | |Occurrence |Frequently.To view the information. | |UC-SG-2 Make update schedule | |Scope: |Administration | |Actor: |System for calculation. | | |DEO to active it. | |Pre condition |Subject information is available. | | |Teacher information is available. | |Semester information is available. | | |Room information is available. | | |Timetable is Available. | |Work Flow: | |User action |System Response | | |system give schedule | |2- User makes changes. | |3- User saves Record. | | | |system update record | |Post condition |Record saved admin informed | |Occurrence |Frequently. To update the schedule. |UC-DEO-3 Enter teacher information | |Scope: | Administration | |Actor: | DEO to enter teacher information. | | |Admin to enter or view teacher information. | |Pre condition |User is logged in and identified. |Work Flow: | |User action |System Response | | |1- system provides existing records | | | | |2- User enters name, address, rank and educational | | |level. | | |3- User saves the record. | | | |4- System generate success message. | |Post condition |User is informed and stays on the page | |Occurrence |Rarely, only it starts. | UC-DEO-4 Account Creation | |Scope: |Administration | |Actor: |Data entry operator. To enter data | | |Admin to enter data. | |Pre condition | User logged in and identified | |Work F low: | |User action |System Response | |1.User will login name, email address and account type (DEO, Student, and | | |teacher) of the account. | | |2. User will enter name, address, status and study level of the account | | |3. User saves records. | | | |4. If record is saved then message is generated. | |Post condition |System enters the record and stays at the page. | |Occurrence |Very rarely only the start. | 4. 6. 2. 2 Reports UC-VI-1 View information | |Scope: |Report | |Actor: |DEO, to view information about Time Table. | | |Admin, to view information about Time Table. | | |Student, to view information about Time Table. | | |Teacher, to view information about Time Table. | |Pre condition |User is logged in and identified. |Work Flow: | |User action |System Response | | 1- User select report type (time table ,room schedule, teacher) | | | |2- System generate the report | |Post condition |System stays at the page. | |Occurrence |Very frequently to view reports. | 4. 6. 2. 3 Tea cher |UC-TE-1 Teacher time table entry | |Scope: |Teacher | |Actor: Teacher gives available time. | |Pre condition |Teacher logged in and identified. | | |Room and subject record exists. | |Work Flow: | |User action |System Response | | 1- User select subject to time table for | | | |2- System present previous time table for subject | |3- User selects room. | | |4- System gives available timing for that room | | 5- user select available timing | | | | | |6- User save record | | | |7. System generates the success message. | |Post condition |System update time table. | | |System informs admin. | | |System other teacher. | |Occurrence |Rarely. To enter information from the teacher at the start of the course. | 5. 0 Hardware and Software Requirements. 5. 1 Hardware specifications:Our System will require minimum system specification at the user end. With minimum P2 with 366 MHz processor with 64 MB RAM Internet connectivity. Our system will require high end system at the server end wit h minimum P4 1. 3 GHz processor with 512 MB ram 24 hour internet connectivity Power source. 5. 2 Software Requirements: At the user end our system will require Operating System Internet Browser At the server end our system will require an Operating system Web Server Software (i. e. Apache) PHP MySQL database. 5. 3 User Characteristics: Following types of users will interact with our system. Administrator: Responsible with over all functionality of the system. Data Entry Operator: DEO to assist admin in data entry process. Teacher: To enter his/her preferred time into the system to generate time table. And to view information. Student: To view time table information [pic] Enter room information Enter teacher information Enter subject information View available information Enter Timing View schedule View information Generate available slot Make/ update time table Administration Enter Room Information Generate available slots Make update schedule Enter teacher information Teacher Teacher time table entry Reports Account Creation 1 M M M M M 1 M 1 M Follow Follow Have Study Teach Subject Student Teacher Time Table

Construction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Construction - Essay Example Because of their malleability and relative ease of working, copper and lead became synonymous with the complexities of Gothic architecture. Endowed with the rich green patina of age, weathered copper spires and roofs still enliven the skylines of northern European cities. Improved techniques of pre-patination can now bestow an instant, uniform illusion of maturity; Jean Nouvel's new cultural centre in Lucerne (p38) is crowned by a vast, overhanging roof clad in sheets of prepatinated copper. Sheltering a new urban square in its oversailing embrace, the emerald green structure forms a powerful horizontal datum in the lakeside landscape Metals have useful properties such as tensile strength, ductility, hardness, electrical conductivity, and high melting points. They are widely used for electrical and structural applications. Understanding the physical and chemical properties of metals allows for improved technological advances. Since metals are so widely used in today's modern world, corrosion is all around us and affects our lives in many ways. Corrosion has many serious consequences to our society such as, economic, health, safety, technological, and cultural. Cast iron played a pre-eminent role in the industrial development of our country during the 19th century.. As an architectural metal, it made possible bold new advances in architectural designs and building technology, while providing a richness in ornamentation. cast iron in the form of slender, nonflammable pillars, was introduced in the 1790s in English cotton mills, where fires were endemic In 1849 Bogardus created something uniquely American when he erected the first structure with self-supporting, multi-storied exterior walls of iron. Known as the Edgar Laing Stores, this corner row of small four-story warehouses that looked like one building was constructed in lower Manhattan in only two months. Its rear, side, and interior bearing walls were of brick; the floor framing consisted of timber joists and girders. One of the cast-iron walls was load-bearing, supporting the wood floor joists. The innovation was its two street facades of self-supporting cast iron, consisting of multiples of only a few pieces--Doric-style engaged columns, panels, sills, and plates, along with some applied ornaments. Each component of the facades had been cast individually in a sand mold in a foundry, machined smooth, tested for fit, and finally trundled on horse-drawn drays to the building site. There they were hoisted into position, then bolted together and fastened to the conventional stru cture of timber and brick with iron spikes and straps. The second iron-front building erected was a quantum leap beyond the Laing Stores in size and complexity. Begun in April 1850 by Bogardus, with architect Robert Hatfield, the five-story Sun newspaper building in Baltimore was both cast-iron-fronted and cast-iron-framed. In Philadelphia, several iron-fronts were begun in 1850: The Inquirer Building, the Brock Stores, and the Penn Mutuai Building (all three have been demolished). The St. Charles Hotel of 1851 at 60 N. Third Street is the oldest iron-front in America. Framing with cast-iron columns and wrought-iron beams and trusses was visible on a vast scale in the New York Crystal Palace of 1853. Wrought iron can be distinguished from cast iron in several ways.